When you compare price to R value per sq ft the price is about the same. The classic version has a thermal resistance (R value) of 3.7 per inch and other versions have even higher values. It has an R-value of around 3.7 (RSI-0.65), equivalent to the median value for fiberglass batts. Some fiberglass is unfaced, some is paper-faced with a thin layer of asphalt, and some is foil-faced. Materials with one shiny side (such as foil-faced polystyrene) must be positioned with the shiny side facing an air space to be effective. Foil-faced batts are vapor barriers. Expands while curing, filling bypasses, and providing excellent resistance to air infiltration (unlike batts and blankets, which can leave bypasses and air pockets, and superior to some types of loose-fill. Closed-cell foams are superior insulators. For example, a 1-inch layer of closed-cell foam provides about the same insulation factor as 2 inches of open-cell foam. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, there is insufficient data to accurately assess the potential for exposures to the toxic and environmentally harmful isocyanates which constitute 50% of the foam material.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the US Department of Energy's Office of Building Technologies. Icynene is a trademarked brand of isocyanate open-cell spray foam from Huntsman Building Solutions. Personal Protective Equipment is required for all people in the area being sprayed to eliminate exposure to isocyanates which constitute about 50% of the foam raw material. They can also be sprayed in place, usually with water-based adhesives. When used between rafters, the spray foam can cover up the nails protruding from the underside of the sheathing, protecting your head. Many foam insulations are made from petrochemicals and may be a concern for those seeking to reduce the use of fossil fuels and oil. During a fire emergency, a copy of the approved fire safety plan must be available for the responding fire department's use. Fire resistant - flame spread 5, smoke spread 0 (ASTM-E-84) - will not smoke at all upon direct contact with flame and is a two-hour firewall at a 3.5 in (89 mm), or normal 2 in × 4 in (51 mm × 102 mm) stud wall, application per ASTM E-199.

Spray application provides even better protection against air infiltration and improves wall rigidity. Dense-pack cellulose is highly resistant to air infiltration and is either installed into an open wall cavity using nets or temporary frames, or is retrofitted into finished walls. The dense-pack dry installation reduces settling and increases R-value. Wood absorbs water, which reduces its effectiveness as a thermal insulator. As wool absorbs moisture it heats up and therefore reduces the risk of condensation. Silica aerogel has the lowest thermal conductivity of any known substance (short of a vacuum), and carbon aerogel absorbs infrared radiation (i.e., heat from sun rays) while still allowing daylight to enter. Rigid panel continuous insulation is often used to provide a thermal break in the building envelope, thus reducing thermal bridging. Thermal bridging at splines and lumber fastening points unless a thermally broken spline is used (insulated lumber). Oak bark has a lattice-like molecular structure filled with millions of air bubbles giving the bark resilience, elasticity, thermal insulating, acoustic dampening, and shock absorbing properties.

Cutting it to accommodate electrical boxes and other obstructions allows air a free path to cross through the wall cavity. Foam Supplies Incorporated (FSI) in 2002. This is a new generation eco-friendly foam blowing agent that is free of Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), and Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) based on naturally occurring methyl methanoate. Cementitious foam is applied in a similar manner but does not expand. Granulated cork. Cork is as good an insulator as foam. Sheep's wool insulation is a very efficient thermal insulator with a similar performance to fiberglass, approximately R13-R16 for a 4-inch-thick layer. More expensive than other types of insulation. When a tree reaches 20 to 35 years old, it can be harvested in 10-year intervals for more than 200 years. However, borate fire retardants (used primarily in Australia and commonly in the US) have been in use for more than 30 years and are not affected by moisture in any way. Epoxy is too expensive to use as an insulator on its own, but it has a high R-value (7 to 9), high strength, and good chemical and moisture resistance. Though it absorbed moisture easily, it regained effectiveness as an insulator when dried. This does not affect the effectiveness of the insulation, but may require choosing an installer more carefully, as any batt should be cut to fit the cavity well.

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